Major Languages of the World

by Jugal Kalita, kalita@pikespeak.uccs.edu

Language list by number of speakers

(Number of speakers in millions, as of midyear 1991; includes native and non-native speakers)
 1. Mandarin (China)		885
 2. English			450
 3. Hindi			367
 4. Spanish			352
 5. Russian			294
 6. Arabic			202
 7. Bengali			187
 8. Portuguese			175
 9. Malay-Indonesian		145
10. Japanese			126
11. French			122
12. German			118
13. Urdu (India, Pakistan)	 94
14. Punjabi (India, Pakistan)	 87
15. Korean (Koreas, China)	 72
16. Telugu (India)		 69
17. Tamil (India, Sri Lanka)	 66
18. Marathi (India)		 65
19. Cantonese (China, 
	Hong-Kong)		 64
20. Italian			 63
21. Wu (China)			 63
22. Javanese (Java, Indonesia)	 60
23. Vietnamese			 59
24. Turkish			 56
25. Min (China, Taiwan, 
	Malaysia) 		 49
26. Thai			 48
27. Ukrainian (Ukraine, Russia,
	Poland)			 46
28. Swahili (Kenya, Uganda, 
	Tanzania, Zaire)	 45
29. Polish			 43
30. Kannada (India)		 42
31. Gujarati (India, Pakistan)	 39
32. Tagalog (Phillipines)	 39
33. Hausa (Nigeria, Niger, 
	Cameron) 		 35
34. Malayalam (India)		 34
35. Persian (Iran, Afghanistan)	 33
36. Hekkan (China)		 32
37. Burmese			 30
38. Oriya (India)		 30
39. Rumanian (Romania, Moldova, 
	Russia) 		 25
40. Sudanese (Indonesia)	 24
41. Assamese (India)		 22
42. Dutch-Flemish (Netherlands, 
	Belgium) 		 21
43. Serbo-Croatian (Serbia, 
	Croatia, Bosnia) 	 20
44. Yoruba (Nigeria, Benin)	 18
45. Amharic (Ethiopia)		 17
46. Sindhi (India, Pakistan)	 17
47. Igbo (Niger, Nigeria)	 16
48. Hungarian 			 14
49. Zhuang (China)		 14
50. Nepalese 			 13
51. Sinhalese (Sri Lanka)        13

Source:

ed. Mark Hoffman, World Almanac and Book of Facts, 1991, Pharos Books, New York

Living Indo-European Languages of the World


Branch		Group		Languages

Germanic	North		Icelandic, Faeroese, Norwegian, Swedish,
				Danish
		West		German, Yiddish, Low German, Dutch,
				Afrikaans, Flemish, Frisian, English
Celtic		Goidelic	Irish Gaelic, Scottish Gaelic
		Brythonic	Welsh,  Breton
Italic		Romance		Portuguese, Spanish, Catalan,
				Provencal, French, Haitian Creole,
				Italian, Rhaeto-Romanic, Sardinian,
				Rumanian
Albanian			Albanian
Hellenic			Greek
Balto-Slavic	Baltic		Lithuanian, Latvian
		Slavic South	Slovene, Serbo-Croatian, Macedonian,
				Bulgarian
		Slavic West	Czech SLovak, Polish, Kashubian, 
				Wendish	
		Slavic East	Russian, Ukrainian, Belorussian
Armenian			Armenian
Indo-Iranian	Iranian West	Persian, Kurdish, Baluchi, Tajiki
		Iranian East	Pashto, Ossetic
		Dard		Shina, Khowar, Kafiri, Kashmiri
		Sanskritic	Lahnda, Sindhi, Punjabi, Rajasthani,
				Gujarati, Marathi, Konkani, Oriya,
				Bengali, Assamese, Bihari, Hindi,
				Urdu, Nepali, Sinhalese, Romany

Source:

Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary, 1981, Thomas Allen and Sons Ltd, Toronto, Ontario
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